Egg white protein powder is derived from chicken egg whites. It is produced by removing the yolk from the eggs and then converting the egg white into a powder form. Egg white proteins have an average digestion rate. They are absorbed by the body within approx 4 hours.
Milk protein concentrate is derived from fresh skimmed cow milk that is concentrated by ultra-filtration. This ultra-filtration allows the whey and casein fractions to be extracted from the milk and then be dried into a powder. Milk protein concentrate contains about 80% pure protein. About 20% of it is whey protein and 80% of it is calcium caseinate.
Whey protein concentrate is derived from sweet cheese whey using an ultra- filtration process in which fat, lactose, and other materials are largely removed from the product. Whey protein concentrate contains about 80% pure whey protein. Whey proteins have a fast digestion rate. Whey proteins are absorbed by the body within approx 2 hours. It is great for post workout shakes as well as anytime you need a quick burst of amino acids.
Calcium caseinate is derived from fresh skimmed cow milk. Calcium caseinate protein is extracted from the casein fraction of the milk through acidification. Casein and calcium caseinate proteins have a slow digestion rate. Calcium caseinate proteins are absorbed by the body within approx 7 hours.
Protein isolate is derived from a protein concentrate using a cold-filtration, a microfiltration, or an ion-exchange process in which the fat, lactose, and other materials are nearly completely removed. An isolate contains over 90% pure protein and very little (if any) fat and lactose.
Hydrolyzed protein is enzymatically treated to form a hydrolysate. This results in short chain peptides and amino acids, thereby drastically increasing the absorption rate.
Instantized protein is treated with lecithin in order to increase the solubility of the protein powder drastically.
Milk protein isolate or egg white protein are recommended for lactose intolerant people who have difficulties digesting lactose. Calcium caseinate is a good choice for people who are trying to lose body fat. For all other people I would recommend milk protein concentrate or a mixture of milk protein concentrate with egg white protein. In the morning and right after your workout, a whey protein concentrate can be a smart choice because of its quick absorption.